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Accountancy - Action Research

      Action Research 

*Define Action Research 

> Kurt Lewin a professor at MIT, first coined the term “Action Research ” in 1944.                                                                          >C.V. Good : “Action Research is a research used by teachers supervisors and administrators to improve the quality of their decision and action”                                                                                                                                                     
> John Best and Kahn : “Action Research is           
focused on the immediate application and not on the development of theory. It has placed its emphasis on a real problem in a local setting. It’s finding are to be evaluated in terms of local applicability, not in terms of universal validity”
> Sara Blackwell : “Action Research is the research concerned with school problems carried out by school personnel’s to improve school practices ”

* Types of Action Research 

> Collaborative Action Research 
> Participatory Action Research 
> Community Action Research 
> Youth Action Research 
> Collective Action Research 
> Living theory Action Research 

* Importance of Action Research 

> Connecting theory to practice 
> Improvement of educational practice 
> Connection to school improvement
> Teacher empowerment (teacher as a decision     
  mmmaker)
> Professional growth 

* When do we use Action Research 

> When you have an educational problem to solve.
> When educators want to reflect on their own        practices.
> When you want to address school wide problems.
> When teachers want to improve their practices
> When educators want to participate in a research project.

* Steps of Action Research 

> Identification of a problem area
> Collection and organisation of data
> Interpretation of data 
> Action based on data 
> Evaluate Results 
> Follow up action 

* Area of Problem

Students find difficulty in Balance sheet Population = Sample
Students of grade 11th A = 30 students 

* Causes of problem

1. Basic rules are not clear
2. Students don’t take interest in topic
3. Students forgot to forward net profit in Balance sheet
4. Teachers teaching method accounts is not appropriate  
5. Students don’t get enough practice of Balance sheet in accounts period 
6. Teacher don’t give time to solve the doubts of students in class

 * Hypothesis 

> 1st cause : Basic rules are not clear 
    Hypothesis : If the students will clear the use of             basic rules than they will not find difficulties in balance sheet. 
> 2nd cause : Students don’t take interest in topic
   Hypothesis : If the teacher make the class interesting for students than it is possible that the students will start taking interest in topic.
> 3rd cause : Students forgot to forward net profit in Balance sheet 
    Hypothesis : If the students give proper focus in sums, than they will not forgot to forward any profit or loss in Balance sheet.
> 4th cause : Teachers teaching style is not appropriate 
   Hypothesis : If the teacher change their teaching pattern style than may be students will quickly understand the topic.
> 5th cause : Students don’t get enough practice of Balance sheet in accounts period 
   Hypothesis : If the students get proper time and challenging sums of topic than it is possible that the students will easily solve the Balance sheet. 
> 6th cause : Teacher don’t give time to solve the doubts of students in class
   Hypothesis : If the teacher solve the doubts of students in accounts period, than may be students don’t find difficulties in Balance sheet.

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